液化大变形场地桩柱式墩桥梁震后竖向承载能力损失评估

液化大变形场地桩柱式墩桥梁震后竖向承载能力损失评估

王靖程1, 叶爱君1, 王晓伟1, 李越2

(1. 同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室,上海 200092;

  1. 凯斯西储大学土木与环境工程系,美国俄亥俄州克利夫兰市 44106)

摘要:在地震作用下,倾斜场地液化及其引起的侧向大变形会导致桥梁下部结构出现明显的残余变形,造成竖向承载能力损失,进而导致桥梁通行功能下降,因此很有必要对桥梁震后竖向承载能力的损失展开量化研究。本文首先介绍了典型的液化大变形场地桩柱式墩桥梁及其数值模拟方法,考虑结构、土体共 16 个参数的不确定性随机抽取了 80 个桥梁样本用于研究;然后,提出了增量动力分析 (IDA) 与竖向推覆 (Pushdown) 分析相结合的桥梁震后竖向承载能力损失分析方法;随后,结合典型工况的计算结果,分析了桥梁震后竖向承载能力损失的机理;最后,建立了基于桥墩残余漂移率的震后竖向承载能力损失量化回归模型和概率评估模型,并提出了面向震后承载能力损失的桥墩多级性能指标。结果表明:桩柱式墩的震后残余变形主要由砂土液化诱发的上覆土层侧向大变形引起;震后残余变形和 Pushdown 竖向加载过程中的 P-Δ效应,是导致桥梁竖向承载能力损失的根本原因;竖向承载能力损失 5\%20\%35\%50\% 对应的桥墩残余漂移率均值分别为 0.1\%1.5\%4.3\%8.5\% 。研究成果可为我国液化大变形场地桩柱式墩桥梁的震后竖向承载能力评估与决策提供依据。

关键词:桥梁工程;桩柱式墩桥梁;竖向承载能力;损失评估;液化;增量动力分析;竖向推覆分析

中图分类号:TU473.1 文献标志码:A doi: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2023.02.0073

LOSS ASSESSMENT OF POST-EARTHQUAKE VERTICAL LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY FOR PILE-COLUMN BRIDGES IN LIQUEFIED GROUND WITH LARGE DEFORMATION

WANG Jing-cheng ^{1} , YE Ai-jun ^{1} , WANG Xiao-wei ^{1} , LI Yue ^{2}

(1. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA)

Abstract: Soil liquefaction and associated lateral deformation would trigger apparent residual deformation of pile foundations of the prevalent pile-column bridges, leading to a loss of vertical load-carrying capacity (VLC) and the degradation of serviceability. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the loss of VLC after earthquakes. This study firstly introduces the typical pile-column bridges in liquefied ground with large deformation and the validated numerical modelling technique. In light of acknowledged high levels of uncertainties in soils, structures as well as ground motions, 80 bridges are sampled considering uncertainties of 16 structural and soil parameters. After that, a novel approach for quantifying the loss of VLC of bridges is proposed based on the incremental

dynamic analysis (IDA) and Pushdown analysis. Then, the mechanism for the loss of VLC is investigated according to the results of an indicative case. Finally, based on the residual column drift ratio, a regression model and a probabilistic evaluation model, together with multi-level limit states are developed for estimating the loss of VLC. Results show that the significant post-earthquake residual column drift ratio is mainly triggered by the large soil deformation; this phenomenon together with the significant P- \Delta effect during the pushdown analysis results in the loss of VLC. Moreover, 5\% , 20\% , 35\% , and 50\% loss of VLC correspond to residual column drift ratios of 0.1\% , 1.5\% , 4.3\% , and 8.5\% , respectively. The research outcomes can be used for evaluating and decision-making of post-earthquake VLC loss of pile-column bridges in liquefiable ground with large lateral deformation.

Key words: bridge engineering; pile-column bridge; vertical load-carrying capacity; loss assessment; liquefaction; incremental dynamic analysis; pushdown analysis

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