软土地基桥梁桩基础设计地震力简化计算方法

软土地基桥梁桩基础设计地震力简化计算方法

苟凌云1, 王晓伟1,2, 叶爱君1,2

(1. 同济大学桥梁工程系,上海 200092;2. 土木工程防灾减灾全国重点实验室,上海 200092)

摘要:《城市桥梁抗震设计规范》在按能力保护构件计算低桩承台基础的设计地震力时,假定承台与地面同步振动并忽略承台侧土抗力,上海市《桥梁抗震设计标准》在此基础上考虑了承台侧土抗力的贡献,但尚缺乏对这一方法在软土地基中的适用性的论证。为此,本文针对上海地区典型桩基桥梁,考虑土 - 桩、土 - 承台非线性动力相互作用,建立软土地基群桩基础桥梁非线性有限元模型并开展增量动力时程分析,分析了承台地震惯性力、承台侧土抗力随墩高和地震动强度的变化规律,揭示了地震作用下桥墩剪力经承台传至基础的传力机制。在此基础上,基于能力设计方法,提出了新的群桩基础设计地震力简化计算方法。与现行规范相比,新的简化计算方法可显著提高软土场地群桩基础的设计地震剪力和弯矩的计算精度,同时具有一定的安全余量。

关键词:桥梁结构;基础抗震需求;数值分析;软土地基;群桩基础;承台地震响应;能力保护

中图分类号:U442.5+5;U443.25

文献标识码:A

doi: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2024.05.0381

SIMPLIFIED CALCULATION METHOD FOR SEISMIC DESIGN FORCE OF BRIDGE PILE-GROUP FOUNDATIONS IN SOFT SOIL

GOU Ling-yun ^{1} ,WANG Xiao-wei ^{1,2} , YE Ai-jun ^{1,2}

(1.Department of Bridge Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;

2.State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract: The "Code for Seismic Design of Urban Bridges" assumes synchronous vibration between pile cap and the ground, ignoring the lateral soil resistance of the pile cap when calculating the seismic design force for low-pile cap foundations based on the capacity protection design principle. The "Standards for Seismic Design of Bridges" in Shanghai considers the contribution of lateral soil resistance of the pile cap on this basis. However, the applicability of this method to soft soil foundations has yet to be demonstrated. Therefore, this study focuses on typical pile foundation bridges in Shanghai, considering the nonlinear dynamic soil-pile and soil-cap interaction. A nonlinear finite element model of pile foundation bridges in soft soil is established, and incremental dynamic time-history analysis is conducted. This analysis investigates the variation of seismic inertia force of the pile cap and lateral soil resistance with pier height and seismic intensity, revealing the force transfer mechanism from the pier to the bottom of the pile cap under seismic excitations. Based on this, a new simplified calculation method for the seismic design force of pile group foundations is proposed using the capacity design method. Compared with the current code, the new simplified calculation method significantly improves the calculation accuracy of design seismic shear force and bending moment for pile foundations in soft soil, while having a certain margin of safety.

Key words: bridge structures; seismic demand for foundations; numerical analysis; soft soil foundation; pile group foundation; seismic response of pile-cap; capacity protection

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