大跨度斜拉桥边墩横向抗震体系研究

大跨度斜拉桥边墩横向抗震体系研究

沈星^{1}, 倪晓博^{2}, 叶爱君^{1}

(1. 同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室,上海 200092;2. 上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海 200092)

摘要

为了给大跨度斜拉桥边墩横向抗震体系设计提供依据,讨论了减震体系的合理性,并研究了减震体系的适用范围。首先,针对横向全滑动体系,分析了梁端横向位移的控制振型,推导了边跨主梁横向基本周期的简化计算公式,并利用反应谱法,推导与简化了地震下梁端横向位移的计算公式,通过与有限元计算结果对比,验证了其可靠性。然后,依据实际项目工程经验,通过合理简化与假定斜拉桥结构参数,在工程精度允许范围内,进一步对计算公式进行简化。最后,以主跨跨径与地震动输入为主要变量进行共计 384 个工况的计算,分析了各工况下梁端最大横向位移,得到了不同跨径下横向全滑动体系斜拉桥在不同场地类型与不同峰值加速度(\text{PGA})下的梁端最大横向位移变化规律。研究结果表明:以梁端横向位移为抗震目标时,对于Ⅲ、Ⅳ类场地,各 \text{PGA} 作用下,主跨跨径大于 400\text{m} 的斜拉桥均需考虑采用减震体系;对于 I、Ⅱ类场地,\text{PGA} 不大于 0.1g,主跨跨径不大于 600\text{m} 的斜拉桥可以不考虑采用减震体系;其中,如果结构的抗震能力大于地震需求,建议采用全限位体系;如果结构的抗震能力接近或小于地震需求,且梁端横向位移不控制时,则建议采用全滑动体系。

关键词

桥梁工程;大跨度斜拉桥;简化计算;抗震体系;边墩;横桥向

中图分类号:\text{U}448.27 文献标志码:\text{A}

Study on Seismic System of Side Pier of Long-span Cable-stayed Bridge in Transverse Direction

SHEN Xing^{1}, NI Xiao-bo^{2}, YE Ai-jun^{1}

(1. State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract

To provide a reference for design of seismic system of side pier of long-span cable-stayed bridge in transverse direction, the rationality of seismic reduction system was discussed and the application scope of the system was mainly investigated. First, the controlling mode of the transverse displacement of the beam end was analyzed under the transverse sliding system, and the simplified calculation formula for fundamental period of the main girder of the side span was deduced. Response spectrum method was also used to derive and simplify the transverse displacement calculation of the beam end under earthquake. The reliability of the formula was verified by comparing its results with the finite element calculation results. Then, according to the experience of the practical engineering projects, the structure parameters of a cable-stayed bridge were reasonably simplified and assumed. Based on this, the calculation formula was simplified further within the allowable range of engineering precision. At last, 384 conditions in all were calculated by taking main span and ground motion as the main variables. The maximum displacements in transverse direction under respective conditions were analyzed and the change rules of the sliding system under different spans, site classifications and peak ground accelerations (\text{PGA}) were obtained. The results show that if the transverse displacement of the beam end is taken as the seismic performance objective, for III or IV site type, under any \text{PGA}, all cable-stayed bridges with main span larger than 400 meters need to use the seismic reduction system. For I or II site type, with the \text{PGA} less than 0.1g and the main span of a cable-stayed bridge less than 500\text{m} or 600\text{m}, there is no need to use the seismic reduction system. Thereinto, the fixed constraint system is recommended when the seismic ability of the bridge is greater than seismic demand; otherwise the sliding system is preferred when the beam end transverse displacement is not controlled.

Key words

bridge engineering; long-span cable-stayed bridge; simplified calculation; seismic system; side pier; transverse direction

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